Radiator construction.



V. J. MAYO. RADIATOR CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1909.

L03 1, 1 37.. Patented July 2, 1912.

1 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

K T Q WITNESSES INVENTOR T fir (zzz'uyZ/Wu 0 X) n 812W .5 1 x fljfW 3 QQ: ATTORNEYS V J. MAYO.

, RADIATOR CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 3, 1909. v 156$ L, 1 37, Patented July 2, 1912..

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Be it known that I, VIRGI IUS J. MAYO, I

citizen of. the United States, and a resident of NewHaven. in the countyof New Haven VIRGINIUS JULIAN MAY O, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

. i -BADIATOR QONSTRUCTION.

To whom it concern:

and State of Connecticut, have invented a v new and ImprovedRadiator-Construction,

offlivhichthe following is a full, clear, and

exact dcscription.

My inventlon relates to a new and improved radiator construction.

. The main objectof the invention relates to improvedstructural'features whereby a radiator may be'produced at a minimum :ofexpense,.considering both labor and matelrial, without sacrifice tostrength or .durability. Aradiator, as constructed, will be.

' found to be of particular utility when employed in, connection withwater cooling systemsfm cooling internal combustion en-. I gmes,.

In the aecompanying drawings, Figure 1 rearelevation, partly in section,of

', .comp'lete radiator constructed to embody my invention. Fig. 2 is asimilar View of a modification. Fig. 3 ls a relatively enlargedNerticalsection through the top of'the-casing Fig. 1. Fig. Wis an edgeview of a detail of construction, namely, aistrip of metal from which aradiator unit is formed, saidstri-p being only partially finished readyfor use. Fig. 5' is an endelevation of a sin gle radiator-unit. Figpdis'aise'ction on the line (S -6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an end elevation,partly broken away, of a part of a radi- -at0rv honeycomb-structure,said figure being slightly enlarged. Fig. 8 is a top plan view .ofthe-parts shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a section on 'the line 99 of Fig.looking in y the 1 direction of t-he arrows.

i of the casingl.

1-in d ica'tes a casing of any suitable form and material andconstituting in effect the main frameof the radiator. 2 is a feedingchamber in the upper part .I 3 ."s' alsupply pipe of a water coolingsysftem...

. 4 is a distribute! chamber within the feeding chamber, saiddistributer chamber containing aperforated wall, the functionof which is'to distribute the water fed in through pipe 3 well over the upper partof the honeycomb. cooler later described.

.6 is an inlet at the top through which ,a sup ly of water may be pouredto fill the radiator and system.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. Application filed May 3,1909. Serial to. 493,544.

to the ground without being spilled outside and in turn cool" thePatented July 2, 1912.

7 a cap forithe pipe 6. v 8 is an overflow and vent pipe which extendspartially up into the pipe 6, the

lower end passing out through the wall of the radiator at any suitablepoint and preferablyleading down to a point near the bottom.

If an excess of amount of water 'is poured into the radiator it mayoverflow through the pipe 8 and be conducted thence on the top of theradiator. Should steam be generated by an over hot engine, the pipe 8furnishes a vent. I

9is a draining chamber separate'd from the feeding chamber 2 by suitablepartitions 1e-t17. v 1 10 is an outlet pipe constituting part of thecooling system. b i

The radiator element proper of the honeycomb (the construction of whichwill herein after be described) conneets chamber 2 'wlth chamber 9 andincludes a multitude of straight unobstructed upright fluid passagesdown through which thefluid to be cooled is permitted to freely flow.The walls of these passages are 'mad'e extremely thin and are separatedby horizontalair passages ..run-

" ning fore and aft through the radiator,

whereby sziid walls may be eifectively cooled water passing down betweenthem. i i j i In Fig. 1 I have shown four tiersor blocks of assembledradiator units, each block being separated by preference from the othersin such a way to provide three horizon; tally arranged y ater passagescommunicating with all of the vertical lwater passages. The number-oftiers of assembled units is immaterial in a broad sense, although forthe purposes of manufacture and in certain practice it is preferablethat there should be two or more spaced tiers, depending upon the sizeand the particular use of the radiator. As stated, each radiator blockismade up of a number of units arranged side by side and properly spacedand united, a single unit being shown in Fig. A unit is formed by takinga strip of thin metal of suitable length and width and first providingtherein a number of plaits. These plaits may be formed by sucha machineas set forth in my United States Letters Patent No. 989,380. Inoperation, this machine manipulates a strip of metal step by'st-ep, asindicated in Fig. 4, where-1n a slight U- shaped bend, as shown at theleft of said figure, is formed. The next bend to the right is V-shaped,while the next bend to the right, though V-shaped, is sharper than theformer. When the metal is in this condition, the walls of the sharpV-shaped bend are pressed tightly together to form a closed plait, asshown by the four finished plaitsat the right hand end of Fig. 4. Theimportance of closing the plaits will later be explained. Not only isthe metal plaited, .as previously described, but at a suitable stage inthe forming of the plaits the edgesof the metal at both edges of thesheet are offset. This will be seen by referring to Figs. Land 6,wherein the metal of the main body of the strip at the base of eachplait is shown as setback or offset as at 20in a direction opposite tothe plait. In the same figures it will also be seen that the edge of themetal at the end ortop of the plait is offset as at 21 in an oppositedirection so that when the plaits are flattened down it will be foundthat both edges of the stripfand both edges of each end of each plaitare oflset. The purpose of offsetting the free edge of the plait, asdistinguished from the edge connected to the main body of the sheet, isto provide at each end' of the plait a filler-in which operates in themanner hereinafterdescribed. When a strip of metal of the proper lengthis provided with a sufficient.

number of plaits, said strip is bent back upon itself, as indicated atthe left hand end of Fig. 5, said bend being adjacentto the base of oneof the plaits. \Vhen the strip is bent back, it will'bring the plaitsinto alternate registry, as shown in Fig. 5, the free edge of each plaiton one wall of each unit bearing against the opposite wall of the unitso as to support the latter againstcollapse and steady it againstvibration. In Figs. 5 and 6 it will also be seen that the ofi'sets atthe free edge and at each end of the plaitwill fill in the spaceadjacent to the offset edge of the opposite wall. The free ends of eachstrip when folded into the form of a unit are suitably connectedpreferably by an interlocking joint, indicated'at 15, Fig. 5. Thisinterlocking joint is formed by folding back one end of the strip at thebase of one of the plaits near the end, excepting the end plait, whichlatter, whenturned back, presents its open edge outwardly to receive theopposite end of the strip, a-sin a pocket,

which latter may be soldered. Other ways,

of course, may be employed for connecting the free ends of the stripwhen bent up to form a unit, it being obvious that in all instances theunit is provided with only one seam, thereby greatly reducing danger ofleakage. W hen a unit is thus formed, it is apparent that its oppositeedges at each end flange outwardly, as shown in Fig. 6, whereby a.number of units may be placed together side by side, the flanged endsresting against each other, said flanges providing the upright waterpassages, clearly seen in Fig. 8. By this arrangement the unitsarespaced without the necessity of employing separate spacing devices, theuse of which involvesadditional expense in that additional parts andlabor are required. By providing additional parts, additional weightisprovided, which, in the completed honeycomb structure, adds materiallyto the sired number oflunits is placed in. a proper holder and bothends, that is, the front and rear ends of the honeycomb structure, aredipped into solder which serves to firmly bind all of the units into onesubstantially homogeneous block. If, as shown in Fig. 1, it is desirableto arrange blocks of radiator units in spaced tiers, to insert betweenthe ends of each tier the spacer devices I l-14 (Fig. 9), which may way,as by dipping. a horizontal water formed between the several tiersconnecting all of the upright passages. lVhen a.honeycomb structure'ofthe proper size and shape hasbeen produced, it is fitted into the mainframe 1 and securely soldered all around to prevent leakage.

1617 are partition braces which serve to separate the chamber 1 from thechamber 9 so that any water spilled in chamber 1 will be caused to rundown through the passages in the honeycomb structure, wherein it is Bythis arrangement cooled, to and into the chamber 9.

l8-18 are trunnions for supporting the radiator.

19 is a rod or screw such ascustomarily provided to hold the top of theradiator against fore and aft movement. As hereinbefore indicated, theplaitsare not only specially formed as to swaging the opposite ends, butit is most important that the walls thereof should be pressed tightlytogether to prevent the possibility of the accumulation between the sameof foreign matter which would tendto impair the radiation of each plaitand which would also tend in time to choke of! partially or entirely theupright passages, for were the plaits left open, it is obvious that amultitude of short horizontal shelves would be formed extending entirelT across each of the upright passages and upon which lodgment for dirtor other foreign matter would be found. By

setting the free edge eaclrend of the plait to provide the filler-Inextension, as preit-is merely necessary off be soldered therebetween inany desired space or passage is viousl described, I have found that thefin- I be apparent to anyone skilled (in this art and ished oneycombstructure possesses a maximum" Strength because, when the front and rearfaces of the honeycomb structure are dipped into solder, there are nospaces that should be united that are left disconnected,

'aswoul'd' be the case if the top edges of each plait were straight andnot, offset. By this construction, therefore, .a maximum of strength isprovided which, in view of the trying use to which such devices are subjected, guarantees a maximum of durability.

In Fig. 2 I have shown a radiator con 'structed in all respects, saveone, like that shown 'in Fig. l, the single respect of difierence'beingthat the ra'diatorumt-s are so constructed as to form the honeycomb in asingle block instead of tiers of blocks, as shown in Fig. 1. ,In thisand other respects my radiator is susceptible of modification withoutdeparture from. the spirit and scope of the following claims.

v The foregoing and other advantages will familiar with the use andrequirements of devices of this character.' For example, by

eliminating the necessity for separate spacers between the several unitsand by so constructing the units that integral ofi'sets are provided foreffecting the spacing without separate spacers, a very substantialamount of material and weight is saved, an item of great importance.Again, by eliminating the necessity for separate spacing devices, alarge amount of labor, such as required in inserting saidseparatespacing devices and holding them in place during the solderingoperation, isavoided. Again, by conforming the ends of the fins orplaits so as to fill out theextra space between the side walls at theends formed by offsetting the side walls toured, for, as is well known,it is next to impossible to bridge any substantial gap with hot solderwhere the article to be soldered is dipped into the molten metal, as inthis case.

'VVhile I have shown my invention .in its preferred form, obviously, invarious features of design and structure, it niay be modified.

lVhat I claim is: V

1. In a radiator construction, a radiator unit comprising two sidewalls, two end walls connecting said side walls, one of, the

free edges of one of the side walls beingiutegrally offset, a plaitformed integrally with one ofthe sidewalls and extending across to andsupporting the opposite side wall between the end walls, the end of saidplait adjacent :to said offset portion of the side wall being conformedthereto, whereby said plait will extend across the space formed betweenthe offset edge of one side wall and the adjacent edge of the oppositeside wall.

2. In a radiator construction, a [radiator unit comprising twoside'w-alls, two end walls connectingi'said 'side walls, one of the freeedges of one of the side walls beingintegrally oflset, a plaitformedintegrally withone ofthe side walls,and ex ending across to andsupporting the opposite side ,-wall between the end walls, the end ofsaid plait adjacent to said ofiset portion of the side wall beingconformed thereto, whereby said lait ill extend across the spaceformed'be- ;wee,il1 the offset edge of one side wall and the adjacentedge of the opposite sidewall,

the walls 'of said pl'ait being closed against each othert' i f i.

3. In all radiator construction, a radiator unit comprising two sidewalls, vtwo end walls connecting said side walls, one of the free edgesof one of the side,walls being integrally offset, a plait .formedintegrally with one of the side 'wallsand extending across to andsupporting the opposite side wall, between the end walls, the end ofsaid plait adjacent to said offset portion of the side wall beingconformed thereto, whereby said plait will extend across the spaceformed between the oilset edge of one side wall and the adjacent edge ofthe opposite side wall, one end wall of said unit being of a thicknessof at least three times the thickness of one of the side walls of saidunit.

4:- Ina radiator constructon, a radiator unit comprising two side wal s,two en walls connecting said side walls, one of th free edges of one ofthe side walls being integrally oflset, a plait formed integrally ,withone of the side walls and extending across .to and-support the oppositeside wall between the. end wa ls, the end of said plait adjacent to saidofi'set portion ofthe side Wall being conformed theretp, whereby saidplait will extend across the space formedbetween the ofi'set edge of oneside wall and the adjacent edge of the opposite side wall, both endwalls of said unit being of a thickness of at least three times thethickness of oneside wall.

5. In a radlator. construction, a unit comprising two side walls and twoend wallsconnecting said sidewalls, one free edge of each side wallbeing integrally ofiset, a plait formed integrally with one of the sidewalls, said plait extending across said. unit to and supporting theopposite side wall between said end walls, both ends of said plait beingconformed to fill out the added space at the front and rear edges of theunit formed by offsetting the side walls thereof.

6. In a radiator construction, a unit comprising two side walls and twoend walls connecting said side Walls, both free edges of each side wallbeing integrally ofi'set v a plait formed integrally with one of saidside walls and extending across to and supporting the opposite side wallbetween the end walls, bothends of said plait being conformed to extendentirely across and fill out the space at the front and rear edges ofthe unitformed by offsetting the side walls thereof.

7. In a radiator construetion, a radiator unit comprising two sidewalls, two end Walls connecting said side walls. one of the free edgesof one of theside walls being integrally offset, a plait formedintegrally with one of the side walls and extending across to andsupporting the opposite side wall between the endwalls,-the end of saidplaitadjacent to said offset portion of the side wall being conformedthereto, whereby said plait will extend across the space formed he tweenthe offset edge. of one side wall and the adjacent edge of the oppositeside wall. a plurality of such units arranged side by side and united attheir front and rear edges to form a block having a pluralitv of\'erti-- cal water passages ,lretwecn the side walls ofadjace-i'itunits, and a plurality of horizontal air passages extendingthrough the space between the walls of the several units respectively,from the front to the rear edges thereof.

8. In a radiator construction, a unit comprising two side walls and twoend walls connecting said side walls, both free edges of each side wallbeing integrally oil'set, a plait side wall being integrally otl'set, aplait formed integrally with one. of id side walls and extending acrossto and support ing the opposite side wall between the end walls, bothends of said plait, being conformed to extend entirelyacross and fillout the space at the front and rear edges of the unit formed byoffsetting the side walls thereof, a plurality of such units beingarranged side by side and united at their edges to form a plurality ofVertical water passages between the side walls of adjacent units, and aplurality of horizontal air passages between the walls of the severalunits refs 'iectively.

t). In a radiator construction, a radiator unit comprising two sidewalls, two end walls connecting said side walls. one of the free edgesof one of the side walls being integrally otl'set. a plait formedintegrally with one of the side walls and extending across to andsupporting the opposite side wall between the end walls, the end of saidplait adjacent to said oti'set portion of the side wall being conformedthereto, whereby said nlait will extend across the space formed betweenthe offset edge of one side. wall and the adjacentcdge of the oppositeside wall. a plurality of such units a1 -anged side by side and unitedat their front and rczir edges to form a block. having a plurality ot'rertical water passages bet ween the side walls of adjacent units. and aplurality of horizontal air passages extending through the space betweenthe side walls of the screral units respectively, from the front to therear edges thereof. a frame surround-- ing said block having a fluidchamber at the upper end thereof, communicating at the upper end of thewater passages, and having another fluid chamber at the lower endthereof coinnuinicating' with the lower ends of said 'ater passages.

In testunony whereof I have signed my name to this specification 1n thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

VllltllNll'lb JULIAN MAYO.

itnesses:

Copies of this patent maybe obtzinecl for five cents each, by addrussingthe Commissioner of Patents,

I Washington. 11.0.

